• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The aerial platform comprises: - a platform (3) provided with a railing (8a, 8b) and a lifting mechanism thereof; - a console (100) for controlling movements of the aerial platform, - one or more light curtain systems (B101; B102; B103) for determining that a person on the platform is near a part of the guard -body adjacent to the desk and / or is inclined to the desk detecting interference of the person with the light curtain, the system inhibiting at least some movements of the aerial platform in the event of detection of interference with the barrier. The light curtain system comprises at least one transmitter and one wave receiver, the system detecting an interference of an external object with the barrier because the receiver receives waves emitted by the transmitter by reflection on the interfering object with the barrier.
    公开号:FR3050193A1
    申请号:FR1653384
    申请日:2016-04-15
    公开日:2017-10-20
    发明作者:Daniel Maisonnette；Nicolas Bonnefoy
    申请人:Haulotte Group SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CONTROL PANEL WITH ANTI-CRUSHING OPERATOR PROTECTION FOR WORK PLATFORM. NACELLE
    LIFT
    The present invention relates to the field of mobile elevating work platforms (also referred to as PEMP) still commonly referred to as aerial work platforms.
    Aerial work platforms are machines designed to allow one or more people to work at height. For this, they include a working platform provided for receiving one or more people and possibly also loads such as tools or other material, materials such as paint, cement, etc ... The platform includes a tray surrounded by a railing. It is supported by a lifting mechanism that allows lifting from a lowered position on the frame of the aerial platform to the desired working position in height.
    There is a wide variety of aerial work platforms to cope with the different desired uses. Thus, different technologies of the lifting mechanism of the platform are used according to which the aerial work platforms are generally qualified, for example the scissor lifts, the vertical mat lifts, the articulated boom lifts, the telescopic boom lifts. Depending on the case, the lifting device may include a turret pivotally mounted about a vertical axis on the frame to allow to change the orientation of the lifting mechanism and therefore the work platform relative to the frame. The aerial platforms can also be self-propelled, that is to say motorized to allow their autonomous movement on the ground.
    The work platform is equipped with a control console allowing an operator on board the platform to cause the platform to move to reach the desired working position. For this, the console is provided with control members allowing the operator to operate the lifting mechanism, but also, if necessary, the pivoting of the turret and the displacement of the nacelle to the ground.
    The desk is generally mounted fixed on the guardrail or at the level thereof and is provided for the operator to stand in front of him when he wishes to manipulate the control members.
    In the case in particular of scissor lifts and risers with vertical poles, the desk is sometimes designed to be movable by the operator so as to be able to detachably hook it in different parts of the railing, for example on the front side. or the back side of the platform. For this purpose, the desk is generally more compact and lightweight than in the case of fixed desks. The console may also be provided so that the operator can hold it with one hand and manipulate its control devices of the other, which allows in particular to control the aerial lift from the ground instead of the platform. form. In this case, the desk is even more compact and weight even more limited.
    In addition, the railing of some scissor lifts is foldable and can be folded over the platform of the work platform to reduce the overall height of the aerial platform when it is not used for hoisting. people. This faculty facilitates the transport of the aerial platform and can allow to enter a building through a door of usual height that would otherwise be insufficient.
    When moving the platform caused by an operator to the console of the platform, there is the risk that the operator is crushed against the desk by an external obstacle - for example a part of a building, of a work of art or a tree branch - hitting it from behind or from above. The same risk may exist with respect to the guardrail in cases where the operator can stand next to the desk while handling the controls of the latter. This is also the case for some movable desks which are provided for the operator to stand up next to the desk rather than in front of it when the desk is hooked to the guardrail.
    Various solutions have been proposed to protect the operator against this risk.
    It is thus known to mount the control console permanently on the platform, but being movable against springs cooperating with a limit switch, which allows to detect the crushing of the operator against the desk because of its displacement. This type of solution is illustrated in particular by JP H4-53800 U and WO 2011/015815 A1.
    A disadvantage of this type of solution is related to the fact that the operator can exert in normal times large forces on the desk for example by holding on to the control members to avoid being unbalanced by the movements of the platform. To avoid inadvertent triggering of the crush detection system, the return springs must have a significant stiffness. Therefore, the crushing is detected only if the crushing effort of the operator against the desk is very important which is likely to be injured. Moreover, it does not ensure the protection of the operator vis-à-vis the risk of crushing against the guardrail when standing next to the desk at the place in front of it. Finally, this type of solution is provided for the fixed desks: it is totally unsuitable for desks movable by the operator.
    Similarly, JP H4-65299 U teaches to mount the control desk fixed on a part of the guardrail which is mounted swinging against springs. a sensor detecting the tilting of the railing pan when the operator is pushed against the desk by an obstacle. This solution protects the operator against the risk of crushing both against the desk and against the adjacent parts of the guardrail. But she has all the other disadvantages of the previous solution. In addition, the device for protection against crushing may be triggered inadvertently in the case of heavy equipment is placed against this part of the guardrail. Finally, this solution is difficult to implement when the platform has extensible portions at the ends of its plate to vary the length.
    Another solution consists in detecting the shocks of the platform with obstacles above it by means of vertical rods placed on corners of the railing which rods cooperate with a sensor to stop the movements of the platform. in case of depression of the stems. This approach is illustrated by US 2,815,250, US 4,979,588 and KR 200465878U. Similarly, JP 10007398 teaches to secure a U-shaped frame upside down by means of springs on the top of a railing pan, a sensor stopping the movements of the platform when an external obstacle strike this frame. The disadvantage of these solutions is to provide crush protection from above, not from the side. In addition, the protection against crushing from above is not reliable in the case where the aerial platform is used under roofs or structures where interlocking beams. In addition, the rods or the projecting frame interfere with the handling of the equipment on board the platform and are exposed to shocks during these manipulations. Finally, it is difficult to adapt such rods or such a frame on a folding and folding railing on the platform of the work platform. KR 20090063626 A teaches to arrange a double frame on the top of the railing and used to detect the collision with an external obstacle. The first frame is fixed on the top of the guardrail and the second frame extends remotely above the railing along it, the second frame being fixed via springs to the first frame and the device including a sensor. limit switch. This solution is very cumbersome and hinders the handling of the equipment on board the platform, and the protective device is likely to trigger unexpectedly if material is placed on or against the guardrail, and therefore against this double frame. JP H5-92298 U teaches to mount the upper part of the railing in vertical translation on the lower part of the railing against springs. On detection of the depression of the upper part against the springs, the device stops the movements of the platform. This solution has the same disadvantages as the previous solution. KR 20090062780 A teaches arranging uprights on the upper corners of the guardrail to support at their upper ends laser emitters and laser receivers so as to create an optical barrier over each pan of the guardrail. When a receiver does not receive the laser beam of the corresponding transmitter, the device stops the movements of the nacelle.
    This solution has the disadvantage that the amounts interfere with the freedom of movement of the operator and are exposed to shocks when handling the equipment aboard the platform. In addition, the crush protection device is likely to trigger inadvertently when large equipment such as boards or props are placed against or on the railing. Moreover, this solution requires a precise mutual positioning of remote transmitters and receivers which is difficult to maintain during use of the aerial platform because of the variable deformation of the platform of the work platform according to the load placed on the plateau and its location on this one. Moreover, this requirement of precise mutual positioning of transmitters and receivers makes this solution incompatible with working platforms having one or two parts extendable to the ends of their plate to vary their length due to the relative games allowing the sliding between these extensible parts and the tray.
    It is also known to mount a fixed or mobile safety bar in front of the desk which is interposed between the desk and the operator standing in front of the desk to manipulate its control members. The control system of the aerial platform inhibits the movements of the aerial platform when the bar is mechanically biased towards the desk. This type of solution is illustrated in particular by FR 3 007 401 A1, EP 2 190 775 A1, JP 64-12100, JP H4-77600 U and GB 2 481 709 AL.
    This type of solution also has disadvantages. The safety bar can interfere with the freedom of movement of the operator and is generally exposed to shocks when the persons on board the platform manipulate equipment, especially if it is large such as boards or props . It also does not provide operator protection against the risk of crushing against the guardrail when standing next to the desk instead of in front of it. Finally, this type of solution is provided for the fixed desks and it is difficult to apply, or even totally unsuitable, to desks movable by the operator because of their compactness and their removable assembly to the railing which does not ensure a keeping solid enough to the railing. JP 5-124800 A teaches to have optical barriers in front of and above the desk. For this, an arm is attached to the guardrail on each side of the desk. A first arm supports a light emitter at one high end and another at a low end, each emitting a light beam parallel to the desk in the direction of the second arm which supports in correspondence a respective light receiver In normal operation, the operator does not interfere with the light beams and the receivers each receive the light beam of the corresponding transmitter. If the operator is pushed towards the desk by an external obstacle, his body cuts one and / or the other of the light beams in which case the corresponding receiver (s) no longer receive the light of the corresponding beam in which case the device stops the movements of the aerial platform.
    This solution has disadvantages similar to those of the detection bars because of the support arms of the transmitters and receivers. Indeed, these arms interfere with the freedom of movement of the operator and are exposed to shocks during handling of the equipment on board the platform. It also does not provide operator protection against the risk of crushing against the guardrail when standing next to the desk instead of in front of it. In addition, the manipulation of the control organs of the desk from the standing position next to the desk is difficult because of the arms and the risk of accidental interference with the upper light beam while this possibility may be desirable. Moreover, this solution is not suitable in the case where it is expected that the operator stands up next to the desk rather than in front of it to manipulate the control members. It is also not suitable for the case where the desk is removably hooked to the railing to be moved by the operator. In the latter case, it could be envisaged to mount the arms supporting the transmitters and receivers directly on the sides of the desk, but the aforementioned disadvantages remain due to the projection of the arms forward and above the desk. These drawbacks would be further increased in the case of a small desk designed both to be removably attached to the railing and to be held with one hand while handling its control members with the other hand. EP 2 096 078 A1 teaches the use of a cord fixed to two opposite sides of the railing so as to be arranged parallel to the railing between the two others and to pass between the control panel attached to this part of the railing. guardrail and the operator standing in front of him, either passing above the console towards the rear of it by means of pulleys of angle. The cord activates a switch in case of thrust on the cord in order to stop the movements of the platform.
    This solution protects the operator against the risk of crushing both against the desk and against the adjacent parts of the guardrail. But she has several disadvantages. The cord is likely to be torn off or damaged during handling of the equipment aboard the platform, particularly if it is large. In addition, it hampers the use of the platform where it is usual for people on board to put large equipment - such as boards or props - against the guardrail. Finally, this solution is totally unsuitable for movable desks.
    In yet another alternative, GB 2 495 158 A teaches equipping the platform with proximity sensors on the top of the guardrail to detect the proximity of external obstacles with the platform, for example at distances of 5m. , 3m or 2m. This solution is, however, unusable for working in a very congested high-rise environment such as under roofs or structures where interlocking joists intersect. In addition, the sensors may be damaged when handling the equipment aboard the platform or the device may be triggered unexpectedly when equipment - such as boards or props - is placed against or on the guard -body.
    Following a more sophisticated solution than the previous one, US 2016/0075543 Al teaches to use a stereoscopic camera to determine the position of the operator on the platform in order to prevent platform movements or to detect external obstacles. around the platform and adjust the speed as a result of the distance and shape of the obstacle. This solution has the disadvantage of requiring a real-time processing electronics of the signals of the camera which is complex and is not usable either for working in a very congested height environment. The risk of inadvertent tripping of the safety device is also not excluded when material is placed against or on the railing.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution for protecting the operator aboard the platform of aerial lifts at least partially overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks.
    More particularly, according to one aspect of the invention, it aims to provide a simple and reliable solution that can be implemented to effectively protect the operator from crushing both against the desk and against the adjacent parts of the railing , which can also be implemented for operator-displaceable desks, which does not interfere with the operator as little as possible and leaves him room for positioning at the desk during use, which is not or only slightly exposed. the risk of damage or breakage when handling equipment on board the platform, which allows the possibility of placing equipment against or on the guardrail and which can also be used in work areas at height which are cluttered eg by beams. To this end, the present invention provides an elevating platform comprising a working platform provided with a railing, a lifting mechanism of the working platform and a control panel on which control members are arranged. Manual for controlling movements of the aerial platform, as well as at least one light curtain system.
    The desk can be permanently mounted on the platform either on the guardrail or adjoining the railing, the desk being located towards the inside of the platform. The desk may also be provided to be removably hooked to the guardrail at different points of the railing from the side to the inside of the platform, the desk then being designed to be hooked and unhooked from the railing manually without tools .
    The light curtain system is intended to determine - when the desk is hooked to the railing if it is a removable desk - that a person on the platform is near a part of the guardrail body adjacent to the desk and / or is leaning towards the desk detecting interference of the person with the light curtain, the system inhibiting at least some movements of the aerial platform in the event of detection of interference with the barrier.
    For this, the light curtain system comprises at least one wave transmitter and one wave receiver for jointly creating the light curtain so that the system detects interference of an external object with the barrier because the receiver receives waves emitted by the transmitter by reflection on the object interfering with the barrier.
    The transmitter (s) and receiver (s) of the light curtain system are suitably positioned so that the light curtain extends at the desk and / or part of the railing adjacent to the desk according to it is to protect the operator from crushing against the desk and / or against this part of the guardrail.
    In the case of a removable desk, the transmitter (s) and receiver (s) of the light curtain are arranged on the desk. In this way, the light curtain is always positioned in the same way relative to the desk, regardless of the location of the railing where the operator hangs the desk. As for the protection of the operator from crushing against the desk, it will therefore be effective regardless of the location of the railing where the desk is hung. This will also be the case with regard to the protection of the operator from crushing against a portion of the guardrail adjacent to the console, since the attachment system of the console to the guardrail provides a substantially identical relative positioning between the desk and at least the railing pan on which he is hung.
    In the case of a desk mounted permanently on the platform, the transmitter (s) and receiver (s) of the light curtain are preferably also mounted on the desk, but they can also be mounted elsewhere, by example on the guardrail.
    Whether the desk is removable or permanently mounted, it is preferable that the transmitter (s) and receiver (s) of the light curtain are mounted at a fixed location of the desk for simplicity. But they can also be mounted on a movable part such as a protective cover of the console movable between a closed and open position, provided that their position in use ensures the proper placement of the light curtains with respect to the guardrail and / or the desk according to the case.
    The principle of detection of the light curtain system implemented is different from those used for aerial lifts of the prior art. For example, in JP 5-124800 A, the transmitter and the receiver are facing each other at a distance from each other and define between them the light curtain, the receiver receiving the light beam of the receiver in the absence of interference of an external object with the latter and the detection of interference with the light curtain resulting from the fact that the receiver no longer receives the light beam emitted by the transmitter because of the external object that interposes between them.
    The principle of detection of the light curtain system according to this first aspect of the invention is the reverse of that of the prior art. In other words, in the absence of interference of an external object with the light curtain, the receiver does not receive waves emitted by the transmitter or at least in insufficient quantity - for example by reflection on objects outside the transmitter. beyond the light curtain - that the light curtain system does not detect interference from an external object to the light curtain. On the contrary, when an external object interferes with the light curtain, it reflects the waves emitted by the transmitter and at least a portion of these waves is received by the receiver which is then detected by the light curtain system as corresponding to an interference of an external object with the light curtain.
    The fact of resorting to one or more light curtains operating according to this detection principle is particularly advantageous. Indeed, the transmitters and receivers do not need to be mounted face to face and at a distance from each other to define the light curtain between them. On the contrary, the transmitter (s) and receiver (s) may be located on the same side with respect to the light curtain, which allows a compact mounting of the transmitter (s) and receiver (s) on the desk (or elsewhere) and at a place on it where it does not interfere with the user. It is thus possible to avoid using protruding arms on the sides of the console to support the transmitters and receivers as in JP 5-124800 A. Therefore, not only the operator is not embarrassed, but the or the transmitter (s) and their support are not exposed to impact when handling equipment aboard the platform.
    This type of light curtain system is known per se. It can be implemented in a simple and economical way since it can operate on an all-or-nothing principle without requiring a complex signal processing system as is the case in US 2016/0075543 A1.
    Furthermore, the dimensioning of the light curtain (s) generated by the light curtain system (s) can advantageously be chosen so as to extend only over a limited distance to the side. or above the desk. In particular, their dimensioning may be limited so as to protect the operator from being crushed against the console and / or the railing only when he is in a position in front of and / or beside the console from which he is able to manipulate the controls of the console. This can be appreciated for example compared to an average operator of lm73. This can prevent a part further from the railing possibly interfering with the light curtain. In addition, this prevents other people aboard the platform from interfering with the light curtain (s) if they get closer or stand at a part of the railing away from the desk. Similarly, it is possible to install bulky material - such as planks, props, pipes, etc. - against or on the rest of the guardrail without interfering with the light curtain (s). This avoids inadvertent tripping of the light curtain system. It is the same with respect to obstacles outside the platform, especially when working at height in congested areas for example by joists under roofs or structures.
    Of course, in the case where the light curtain system has a minimum detection distance below which it does not detect an object interfering with the waves emitted by the transmitter, the skilled person will design the system and will arrange the or the transmitter (s) and receiver (s) appropriately to reliably detect that the operator is too close to the desk and / or the adjacent portion of the railing as the case may be. From this point of view, it is preferable that the minimum detection distance of the system measured from the desk is less than or equal to 5 cm.
    According to preferred embodiments of the invention according to this aspect, the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics: the transmitter emits a wave beam in a given direction; the emitter transmits in a field of electromagnetic waves comprising ultraviolet, visible light and infra-red; the light curtain system comprises a single wave transmitter and a single wave receiver; the transmitter and the receiver are arranged side by side and are preferably integrated in the same housing to form a single component; the desk includes visual and / or audible signaling in the event of detection of interference with the light curtain; the desk comprises a manually operated member whose actuation prevents the light curtain system from inhibiting the movements of the aerial platform; the light curtain system further comprises a light emitter for emitting a light beam visible to the naked eye along the light curtain; the desk comprises a complementary light curtain system for detecting that a person on the platform is in the vicinity of said part of the guardrail adjacent to the desk and / or is inclined towards the desk by detecting an interference of the person with the desk. complementary light curtain, the complementary light curtain being arranged in such a way that the complementary light curtain system operates the detection for a proximity of the person to said part of the railing and / or for an inclination of the person towards the desk which are less than for the light curtain system, the complementary light curtain system triggers a signaling device; the light curtain extends - when the desk is hooked to the guardrail if it is a removable desk - in front of the guardrail part adjacent to the desk on the side towards the inside of the platform or above the railing portion adjacent to the desk, the light curtain being in a substantially vertical plane and parallel to this part of the guardrail; the horizontal extension distance of the light curtain from the desk: O is limited so that the light curtain does not extend -when the desk is hooked to the guardrail if it is a desk removable - up to the level of the guard rail in the extension of the light curtain; and / or O is less than or equal to 100 cm, more preferably less than or equal to 60 cm; the light curtain extends: a) in an area adjacent to a lateral side of the desk, the light curtain being in a substantially vertical plane and parallel to the rear side of the desk; b) in an area in front of the desk, the light curtain being in a plane substantially vertical and perpendicular to the rear side of the desk and located towards a lateral side of the desk; c) above the desk from the rear of the desk to detect that a person is bending over the desk; the maximum distance of detection of the light curtain measured from the desk is less than or equal to 100 cm and more preferably less than or equal to 60 cm; the lifting platform comprises two or three light curtain systems, in which: the lifting platform is according to alternative a) mentioned above in consideration of the first light curtain system, the lifting platform is according to alternative b) mentioned above in consideration of the second light curtain system and O the aerial platform being according to alternative c) mentioned above in consideration if necessary of the third light curtain system; the aerial platform is a scissor lift or vertical mast. Other aspects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawing.
    Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a scissor lift according to a first preferred embodiment, the platform being respectively in the lowered position on its carriage and in the raised position.
    Figure 3 shows an isolated view of the control console of the aerial platform of Figures 1 and 2 which is provided with two light curtain system.
    FIG. 4 represents a local view of the aerial platform of FIGS. 1 and 2 which shows an end of its work platform and the control console hooked to its railing.
    Figures 5 and 6 show schematically a local view - respectively in perspective and in plan view - of the aerial platform of Figures 1 and 2 with an operator standing next to the control panel.
    Figure 7 shows an enlarged view of a photoelectric detector used to make the light curtains.
    FIG. 8 represents an isolated view of another control panel provided with three light curtain systems provided for a lifting platform according to a second preferred embodiment.
    FIG. 9 represents a local view of the aerial platform of FIGS. 1 and 2 which is similar to FIG. 4, except that the control console is that of FIG. 8.
    We will now describe the aerial platform according to the first preferred embodiment with reference to Figures 1 to 4. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the aerial platform is a scissor lift. It comprises a frame 1, a scissor lift mechanism 2 mounted on the frame 1 and a working platform 3 mounted on the scissor lift mechanism 2. The platform 3 is provided with a horizontal plate 7 surrounded by a guardrail 8 to prevent people falling out of it. The railing 8 comprises four sections 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d each corresponding to another side of the plate 7. The plate 7 and the railing 8 may comprise sliding parts at one end of the platform 3 or at the other end. two to allow users to vary the available work surface of platform 8.
    The scissor lift mechanism 2 comprises scissor-centrically articulated beams, which scissors mechanisms are mounted one above the other at their ends which are pivotally connected to reach the working height. desired. A hydraulic cylinder 4 - or alternatively several - allows to lower and lift the work platform 3 to the desired working height.
    The chassis 1 is provided with front wheels 5 and rear wheels 6 through which the chassis 1 rests on the ground and to move the aerial platform. The front side of the aerial platform is referenced AV and its rear side is referenced AR. The aerial platform has a motorization to allow its autonomous movement on the ground. The motorization is generally mounted directly on the frame 1.
    Alternatively, the invention also relates to aerial lifts with vertical poles. In the case of vertical boom pods, the lifting mechanism is designed as an expandable mast having vertical portions sliding on each other to extend vertically to the desired working height. Their lifting mechanism sometimes comprises a turret on which are mounted the vertical sliding parts, the turret being pivotally mounted on the frame about a vertical axis in order to vary the orientation of the work platform relative to the frame. The work platform is mounted on the uppermost vertical part sometimes by means of a pendulum arm - that is, an arm articulated to the vertical mast around a horizontal axis - to give more flexibility to the user to reach the working position.
    More generally, the invention relates to any other type of aerial platform, regardless of the type of lifting mechanism of the platform, including telescopic or articulated aerial lifts. The invention is also applicable to the case of aerial work platforms which are not motorized to ensure their autonomous movement on the ground, but which are towed or pushed for this purpose.
    The platform 3 is equipped with a control panel 10. The console 10 is provided with control members allowing an operator to cause the platform to move to reach the desired working position. In this example, buttons 14 make it possible to select the type of movement that can be achieved by a control handle 13 from the displacement of the aerial platform on the ground and the vertical displacement of the platform 3. The control handle 13 makes it possible to execute the type movement of selected: it is tilt forward and backward, as appropriate, to raise or lower the platform 3 or to advance or retreat the aerial platform on the ground, and to vary its speed of movement. Buttons - not shown - located on the top of the control handle 13 can change the orientation of the steering wheels, in this case the front wheels 5 - alternatively, the rear wheels 6. The console 10 is provided with a wired connection not shown - or alternatively a wireless link - with a control system - not visible - housed under the frame 1 which control system controls the power organs, including the motor and the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders 4.
    The console 10 is removable and intended to be hung in different places of the railing 8 for the convenience of the maneuvering of the aerial platform by the operator aboard the platform 3. For this, the console 10 has at its side right 21 a side plate 11 in vertical extension relative to the housing of the desk. The plate 11 has at its upper end a suitable shape 12 - for example a U-shaped section upside down - for hanging the desk 10 to a horizontal bar of corresponding size of the railing 8. The attachment system can be different and made in any appropriate manner that allows the operator to manually unhook or hook the console to the guardrail without the need for tools. It can also be provided a manual locking system of the desk 10 to the railing 8 or an indexing system of the desk 10 on the railing 8 by means for example of a pin to prevent the desk 10 does not slide on the railing 8 under the effect of vibration for example.
    The console 10 is also provided to be held by one hand so that the operator can manipulate the control members 13, 14 of the other. This allows the operator to control the aerial platform from the ground. For this, the desk 10 is provided with a handle 15 made in this example in the form of an opening in the side plate 11. In addition, the desk 10 is sufficiently compact - preferably a smaller width at 30 cm or even less than 25 cm - and of a suitable low weight.
    When aboard the platform 3, the operator manipulates the control members 13, 14 of the console 10 when it is hooked to the guardrail. This is then hooked so as to be on the side of the railing 8 towards the inside of the platform 3 in order to conveniently access the control members 13, 14. Most often, the operator hangs the desk 10 towards the front end of the long railing pan 8b - as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 - or towards the rear end of the long pan 8d of the railing 8. This allows the operator to position oneself at the front or rear of the platform to perform forward or reverse maneuvers of the aerial work platform.
    Given the small width of the console 10 and its attachment system to the railing 8 is arranged on the right side 21, the operator usually stands on the left side 22 of the console 10 when manipulating the control members 13 , 14, in this case of the right hand. This position is illustrated in Figure 5 where the operator is referenced by the letter O. and also in Figure 6 where it is represented symbolically. The risk of crushing the operator comes first and foremost from an obstacle hitting it from the rear when the platform is moved backward or striking it from above when lifting the platform. 3. However, the operator is also likely to approach the pan 8b of the railing 8 and to look on its right side over this pan for example to look at the orientation of the wheels. Similarly, the operator is likely to position himself in front of the front side 20 of the console 10 facing the pan 8b of the railing 8 while manipulating the control members 13, 14 of his left hand and to lean over the pan 8b of the railing 8. The risk of crushing against this pan 8b then comes above all from an external obstacle above him if he executes a lifting control of the platform.
    In order to ensure the safety of the operator, the desk 10 is provided with two light curtain systems.
    The first system erects a light curtain B1 in front of the part of the pan 8a of the railing 8 which is adjacent to the left side 22 of the desk 10. The second system erects a light curtain B2 in front of the part of the pan 8b of the railing 8 which is adjacent to the front side 20 of the desk 10.
    When the operator interferes with one or other of the light curtains B1, B2, their system inhibits at least some movements of the aerial platform because such a situation potentially corresponds to a situation of risk of crushing the operator against 8a or 8b of the guardrail 8. Preferably, the light curtain systems only inhibit the movements presenting a danger of crushing the operator by obstacles outside the aerial platform. Thus, in this example, the inhibition may be limited to the forward and backward movements of the aerial platform to the ground, and to the lifting movement of the platform 3 relative to the chassis 1. It is advantageous to allow the changing the orientation of the wheels despite interference from the operator with either light curtain B1, B2 to allow the operator to lean over the railing 8 to see the orientation of the wheels 5 or 6. It will be understood that the two light curtain systems can share a common electronic processing circuit which can be housed in the desk 10.
    In the event of inhibition of the movements of the aerial platform caused by the light curtain systems, it is advantageous to give the possibility to the operator to put an end to the inhibition of the movements, which enables him to make up for the situation where the inhibition was caused by an involuntary interference with one of the light curtains in the absence of risk of crushing the operator. This possibility may consist in the actuation of the pushbutton 40 - or another manually operated member - which still has another function discussed below.
    The light curtains B1 and B2 each extend preferably in a vertical plane P1, P2 parallel to the corresponding railing panel 8a, 8b: cf. FIG. 6, where the planes PI, P2 are represented in phantom lines while the light curtains Bl, B2 are represented symbolically in dotted lines.
    Thus, the plane PI is also parallel to the rear side 23 of the console 10 and the plane P2 is parallel to the right side 21 of the console 10 and perpendicular to its rear side 23. The plane PI extends to a distance D not zero of the pan 8a of the guardrail 8. The barrier B1 thus makes it possible to detect the situations where the operator O approaches at a distance D or less from the pan 8a of the guardrail 8 in the zone near the console 10.
    It is preferable to provide that the distance D is always greater than a given minimum distance. In particular, it is advantageous that this minimum distance given is greater than or equal to the braking distance of the aerial platform when it moves in reverse at its maximum speed while the platform 3 is in a raised position relative to to the frame 1. In this way, it is avoided that the operator can not be crushed against the pan 8a of the railing 8 despite stopping the displacement of the platform lift caused by the system of the light curtain B 1 in case interference from the operator due to an external obstacle hitting it from behind. Of course, it is advantageous to provide the same measurement when the console 10 is hooked to the rear of the pan 8d of the railing 8 with respect to the maximum speed of movement of the aerial platform forward. This minimum distance given will generally be about 15 cm.
    Advantageously, the sections 8a and 8b are connected by a rounded portion which does not allow to hang the desk 10 to pan 8b to it, which has the effect of imposing the respect of the minimum distance desired. It will be understood that a given minimum distance can be imposed on D in other ways.
    The plane P2 is in our example coincides with the plane of the pan 8b of the guardrail.
    As can be seen, the extension distance - noted respectively d1 and d2 - of the light curtains B1, B2 in the horizontal direction out of the desk 10 is preferably limited to protect the operator only vis-à-vis the parts of the sections 8a, 8b against which the operator is likely to be crushed when he is in position to manipulate the control members 13, 14 of the console 10 hooked to the guardrail. From this point of view, it is first preferable for the extension distance d1 to be limited so that the light curtain B1 does not extend to the level of the panel 8d, respectively 8b, when the panel 10 is attached to pan 8b, respectively 8d, which eliminates the risk that this part of the railing 8 interferes with the light curtain Bl. This consideration is generally valid for any light curtain, regardless of the embodiment. Then, more generally, it is advantageous for d1 and d2 to be less than or equal to 100 cm, more preferably less than or equal to 60 cm. Therefore, it is possible to put equipment on or against the other areas of the guardrail 8 or to stick to it without risk of inadvertent tripping of the light curtain systems. However, it is preferable that d1 and d2 are greater than or equal to 10 cm and more preferably greater than or equal to 20 cm.
    The two light curtain systems can each be implemented by means of a respective photoelectric detector D1, D2. Photoelectric detectors are known per se. As schematically illustrated in FIG. 7, a photoelectric detector generally comprises a photoemitter 51 and a photoreceptor 52 placed side by side in a case 50 coated with resin or formed by the latter. The light emitter 51 is generally a light-emitting diode that emits a beam of electromagnetic waves in a given direction. The beam of the light curtains B1, B2 is represented in each case in dotted lines in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6. In the context of the invention, a detector whose emitter emits in the infrared field is preferably chosen. (wavelength range from 780 nm to 1 mm), because this type of detector is insensitive to the texture and colors of clothing. It is also possible to use detectors whose photoemitter emits in the visible light range (ie the wavelength range 380 nm to 780 nm) or in the ultraviolet domain (ie the range of the wavelengths of waves of 10 nm at 380 nm). The photoelectric detector generally includes in its case an optical system for directing the beam emitted by the light emitter and an electronic processing circuit for extracting and amplifying the waves of the light emitter received by the photoreceptor and comparing the signal with a threshold in order to provide a signal. output as a result of the comparison. Detectors with background suppression, that is to say which precisely fixes the maximum detection distance, will preferably be selected. By way of example, photoelectric detectors of the E3Z range marketed by the Japanese company OMRON Corporation may be used.
    As can be seen in the figures, the photoelectric detectors DI and D2 are mounted in a respective housing of a support 30 mounted - preferably in a fixed manner - on the desk 10. The support 30 is advantageously mounted towards the rear of the desk 10 at a level exceeding only slightly from the side plate 11. In this way, the risk of exposure of the support to shocks during the handling of equipment aboard the platform 3 is limited. In addition, the support 30 is not in a position that is inconvenient for the operator.
    The use of a single photoelectric detector to achieve each of the light curtains Bl, B2 has the advantage of being simple and economical. It will be understood that it is also possible to use a plurality of photoelectric detectors for producing each of the light curtains B1, B2, each of which is then defined by several wave beams which may, for example, be radiated with different angles in the same vertical plane. PI, P2 or be mutually offset therein. It will also be understood that other light curtain technologies can be envisaged than those based on electromagnetic wave beams.
    In order to provide information to the operator concerning the state of the light curtain systems, two green and red light indicators 31, 32, respectively, are arranged on the support 30. The indicator light 31 is lit and the indicator light 32 is extinguished in the absence of interference detection with the light curtains B1, B2. Conversely, the indicator 31 is off and the indicator 32 on if an interference with one and / or the other of the light curtains B1, B2 is detected. Alternatively or in addition, a sound signaling on the console 10 - or elsewhere on the aerial platform - can be triggered in case of detection of such interference.
    Furthermore, it can be expected to trigger an alarm signal to attract the attention of people outside the aerial platform that are likely to rescue the operator aboard the platform 3. This alarm signal may be a visual signal such as a rotating beacon arranged on the aerial platform, a high power sound signal generated by an alarm preferably fixed to the chassis 1, or a message sent by the aerial platform to a remote server by a connection without thread. These different types of alarm signal can also be combined. It is advantageous to provide a delay between the detection of the interference with one of the light curtains and the activation of these alarm signals, in order to allow the operator to cancel an inadvertent detection.
    A push button 40 - or other manually actuated member - is arranged on the desk 10 which allows the operator to neutralize the light curtain systems so that they can not inhibit the movements of the aerial platform. This allows him to avoid inadvertent tripping of the light curtain systems when holding the desk 10 by hand. It is preferable that the neutralization is effective only as long as the operator maintains actuated the push button or the organ concerned. The lights 31 and 32 are off when the push button 40 is actuated, which indicates to the operator that the light curtains B1 B2 are neutralized.
    According to an advantageous option, each of the light curtain systems B1, B2 is completed by a complementary light curtain system whose light curtain is interposed between the operator and the light curtain B1 or B2 concerned. For convenience of representation, such a complementary barrier is illustrated only in FIG. 6 and only for the light curtain B1: it is represented symbolically in dotted lines and referenced B1 'and is contained in a vertical plane ΡΓ - shown in phantom - which is parallel to the plane PI, but which is located at a distance D 'of the pan 8a which is greater than D. Unlike the light curtain systems B1 and B2, the complementary light curtain system does not inhibit any movement of the aerial platform, but triggers a signaling device - for example visual and / or sound - preferably arranged on the console 10 or possibly elsewhere on the platform 3. This signaling device has the function of notifying the operator that it is close to one of the light curtains B1 or B2 and make it aware that if it still advances towards the pan the railing, it will cause the inhibition of movement of aerial platforms by interfering with it. The light curtain of the complementary system is made using transmitter (s) and receiver (s) wave applying the same principles of operation as those discussed to achieve the light curtains Bl and B2.
    According to another advantageous option, the light curtains B1 and B2 may each be supplemented by a light emitter placed next to the wave emitter of the light curtain considered and emitting a light beam visible to the naked eye which substantially follows this barrier immaterial. For convenience of representation, such a light beam is only illustrated in Figure 4 and only for the light curtain B1: it is represented symbolically in phantom and referenced FL, the photoemitter being referenced PE. This light beam signals the operator the position of the light curtain concerned, which is advantageous when it is invisible to the operator for example in the case of an infra-red or ultraviolet barrier. It will be understood that these two advantageous options are applicable in general, whatever the embodiment, and in particular with respect to each of the three light curtain systems of the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9 that we let's describe now.
    FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a second preferred embodiment using another control panel - referenced 100 - provided with manual control members 113, 114 similar to those of the panel 10. The elements corresponding to those of the panel 10 are referenced by the same numbers increased by 100. The whole of the description made for the first preferred embodiment is applicable for this second preferred embodiment, except for the differences discussed below.
    In this case, the desk 100 is also removable and intended to be hung in different places of the railing 8 by the operator without tools. But in this case, its attachment system 111, 112 is placed on the rear side 123 of the desk 100. The desk 100 has a size and weight greater than those of the desk 10 and is not intended to be required of one hand while manipulating the control members 113, 114 of the other hand.
    The desk 100 comprises two light curtain systems B101, B102 which perform the same function and are made in the same way as the light curtains B1, B2 of the desk 10. It will be noted that the photoelectric detector DI02 of the light curtain B102 is housed this Laterally in the lower part of the front side of the console 100. The photoelectric detector DI01 of the light curtain BlOl is housed in a support 130 which advances relative to the rear plate 111 for mounting to the guardrail 8. This allows placing the light curtain BlOl at the minimum desirable distance from the guardrail pan 8a 8.
    Finally, because the desk 100 is wider than the desk 10, it is desirable to protect the operator from the risk of crushing against the desk 100. For this purpose, the desk 100 comprises a third light curtain system B103. It can be implemented with the same technology as the other two.
    The light curtain B103 extends above the desk 100 preferably from the rear 123 thereof so that the operator does not interfere with the light curtain 103 when standing upright at the desk 100, but on the contrary it interferes with it when it is tilted beyond a certain angle on the desk 100. For this, it is advantageous that the light curtain B103 extends from the rear 123 of the desk 100 being oriented upwards towards the front 120 of the desk 100 as illustrated. As for the other two, the third light curtain system inhibits the same movements of the aerial platform in the event of detection of interference with the light curtain 103. Furthermore, it is preferable that the maximum detection distance of the third light system be reduced. The light curtain from the desk 100 is also appropriately limited to avoid inadvertent tripping of the third light curtain system when the working environment at height is congested.
    In general, it is preferable that the maximum detection distance of any of the light curtains, measured from the desk 10, 100 is less than or equal to 100 cm and more preferably less than or equal to 60 cm, in order to avoid inadvertent tripping of the corresponding light curtain system. This maximum detection distance is referenced 11 and 12 for the light curtains B1 and B2 respectively of the desk 10 - see Figure 3 - and it is referenced 1101, 1102 and 1103 for the light curtains B101, B102 and B103 respectively of the desk 100.
    Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples and to the embodiment described and shown, but it is capable of numerous variants accessible to those skilled in the art.
    In particular, the light curtain systems described can also be implemented on a control panel which is not intended to be removable and movable manually by the operator, but which is instead permanently mounted at a specific location on the railing - or adjoining it - of the platform of the aerial work platform.
    If the desk is fixed in the middle of a section of the fence, the two light curtains extending from either side of the desk will both be in a vertical plane substantially parallel to this part of the guardrail.
    In addition, light curtain systems can also be combined with other operator protection systems against crushing. For example, the control console may be provided with a safety bar protecting the operator from crushing against the desk while a respective light curtain on both sides of the desk protects it from crushing against parts of the desk. guardrails adjacent to the desk. Of course, it is possible to arrange in addition to other systems for protecting people on board the platform, from crushing against the parts of the railing not protected by the light curtain systems described.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    A lifting platform comprising: - a work platform (3) provided with a railing (8); - a lifting mechanism (2, 4) of the work platform; - a control panel (10; 100) on which are arranged manual control members for controlling movements of the aerial platform, the console being designed to be removably attached to the guardrail at different locations of the railing of the the inward side of the platform, the desk being designed to be hooked and unhooked from the handrail manually without tools, - a light curtain system (B1; B2; B101; B102; B103) to determine, when the desk is hooked to the railing, that a person on the platform is near a part of the railing adjacent to the desk and / or is inclined towards the desk by detecting interference of the person with the light curtain , the system inhibiting at least certain movements of the aerial platform in the event of detection of interference with the barrier, in which the light curtain system comprises at least one emitter a wave receiver (51) and a wave receiver (52) arranged on the desk to jointly create the light curtain so that the system detects interference of an external object with the light curtain because the receiver receives waves emitted by the Reflector by reflection on the object interfering with the immaterial barrier.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Lifting platform, comprising: - a work platform (3) provided with a railing (8); - a lifting mechanism (2, 4) of the work platform; - a control panel on which are arranged manual control devices for controlling movements of the aerial platform, the console being mounted permanently on the platform either on the guardrail or adjoining the railing, the desk being located towards the interior of the platform; a light curtain system for determining that a person on the platform is near a portion of the railing adjacent to the desk and / or is bent toward the desk by detecting interference of the person with the light curtain , the system inhibiting at least some movements of the aerial platform in the event of interference interference with the barrier, wherein the light curtain system comprises at least one wave transmitter and a wave receiver to jointly create the barrier the system detects an interference of an external object with the light curtain because the receiver receives waves emitted by the emitter by reflection on the object interfering with the light curtain.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Platform according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmitter (51) emits a wave beam in a given direction.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    The aerial platform according to claim 3, wherein the transmitter emits in a range of electromagnetic waves including ultraviolet, visible light and infra-red.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    The aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the light curtain system comprises a single wave transmitter (51) and a single wave receiver (52).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the console comprises a visual signaling (32) and / or sound in case of detection of interference with the light curtain.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    The aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the console comprises a manually operated member (40; 140) whose actuation prevents the light curtain system from inhibiting the movements of the aerial lift.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    The aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the light curtain system further comprises a light emitter for emitting a light beam visible to the naked eye along the light curtain.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    The aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the console comprises a complementary light curtain system (ΒΓ) for detecting that a person on the platform is in proximity to said guardrail portion. adjacent to the desk and / or is inclined towards the desk detecting interference of the person with the complementary light curtain, the complementary light curtain being arranged so that the complementary light curtain system operates the detection for a proximity of the person with said portion of the guardrail and / or for an inclination of the person to the desk that is less than for the light curtain system (B1), the complementary light curtain system triggering a signaling device.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. An aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light curtain (B1; B2) extends either in front of the railing portion (8) adjacent to the desk on the inward side of the platform, above the railing portion adjacent to the desk, the light curtain being in a plane (PI, P2) substantially vertical and parallel to this part of the guardrail.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    The aerial platform according to claim 10, wherein the horizontal extension distance of the light curtain (B1) from the desk (10) is limited so that the light curtain does not extend to the level of the light curtain. pan (8d) railing in the extension of the light curtain (Bl); and / or is less than or equal to 100 cm, more preferably less than or equal to 60 cm.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    The aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the light curtain extends: a) in an area adjacent to a lateral side (22) of the desk, the light curtain (B1) being in a substantially vertical plane and parallel to the rear side (23) of the desk; b) in an area in front of the desk, the light curtain (B2) being in a plane substantially vertical and perpendicular to the rear side (23) of the desk and located towards a lateral side (21) of the desk.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    Lifting platform according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light curtain (B3) extends above the desk from the rear (23) thereof to detect that a person is bent on the desk.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    The aerial platform according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the maximum detection distance (11; 12; 1101; 1102; 1103) of the light curtain measured from the desk (10) is less than or equal to 100. cm and more preferably less than or equal to 60 cm.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    Lifting platform according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising two or three light curtain systems, wherein: the lifting platform is according to alternative a) of claim 12 in consideration of the first light curtain system ( B1; B101), - the lifting platform is according to alternative b) of claim 12 in consideration of the second light curtain system (B2; B102), and the lifting platform is according to claim 13 in consideration if appropriate of the third light curtain system (B 103).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3442899B1|2020-12-23|
    FR3050193B1|2020-11-06|
    EP3442899A1|2019-02-20|
    AU2017251487A1|2018-11-15|
    CA3020473A1|2017-10-19|
    CN109071194B|2020-08-14|
    CN109071194A|2018-12-21|
    WO2017178737A1|2017-10-19|
    US20190119090A1|2019-04-25|
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    法律状态:
    2017-04-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-10-20| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20171020 |
    2018-04-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-04-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-04-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1653384A|FR3050193B1|2016-04-15|2016-04-15|CONTROL DESK WITH ANTI-CRUSHING OPERATOR PROTECTION FOR LIFT PLATFORM WORK PLATFORM|FR1653384A| FR3050193B1|2016-04-15|2016-04-15|CONTROL DESK WITH ANTI-CRUSHING OPERATOR PROTECTION FOR LIFT PLATFORM WORK PLATFORM|
    EP17721198.4A| EP3442899B1|2016-04-15|2017-04-06|Control panel with anti-crushing protection of the operator, for a gondola lift work platform|
    AU2017251487A| AU2017251487A1|2016-04-15|2017-04-06|Aerial-lift working-platform control desk with protection against crushing of the operator|
    CA3020473A| CA3020473A1|2016-04-15|2017-04-06|Aerial-lift working-platform control desk with protection against crushing of the operator|
    US16/092,827| US20190119090A1|2016-04-15|2017-04-06|Aerial-lift working-platform control desk with protection against crushing of the operator|
    CN201780023643.XA| CN109071194B|2016-04-15|2017-04-06|Aerial lifting type working platform with control console for preventing operator from being squeezed|
    PCT/FR2017/050834| WO2017178737A1|2016-04-15|2017-04-06|Aerial-lift working-platform control desk with protection against crushing of the operator|
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